Status of ITER TBM port plug conceptual design and analyses

The test blanket module port plug (TBM PP) consists of a TBM frame and two TBM-sets. However, at any time of the ITER operation, a TBM set can be replaced by a dummy TBM. The frame provides a standardized interface with the vacuum vessel (VV)/port structure and provides thermal isolation from the shield blanket. As one of the plasma-facing components, it shall withstand heat loads while at the same time provide adequate neutron shielding for the VV and magnet coils. The frame design shall provide a stable engineering solution to hold TBM-sets and also provide a mean for rapid remote handling replacement and refurbishment. This paper presents main design features of the conceptual design of TBM PP with two dummy TBMs. Also analysis results are summarized to evaluate shielding, hydraulic, and thermal and structural performances of the TBM PP design.     

Analysis of Energy Saving and Environmental Characteristics of Electric Vehicles in Regionally Disaggregated World Energy Model

This paper investigates the impact of an extensive introduction of electric vehicles (EV) and plug‐in hybrid vehicles (PHEV) into the global energy system by 2050. The significant growth of automobile ownership in emerging countries is likely to increase world oil demand and the associated carbon dioxide emissions. In order to address these energy, security, and environmental concerns, the deployment of clean energy vehicles, such as EV and PHEV, is expected to play a crucial role due to their high fuel efficiency. Consequently, we develop both a global energy system model and a world vehicle penetration model, which can explicitly analyze the impact of EV introduction into the seasonal daily electric load curve, with consideration of the specific electricity charging profile through 2050. The simulation results confirm that EV deployment contributes to energy conservation, because oil demand reduction outstrips the growth in electricity demand and the associated fuel input into the power generation mix. Concerning carbon dioxide abatement, the magnitude of the impact relies on the carbon intensity of the power generation mix. If the intensity is low enough to guarantee a carbon mitigation effect due to EV fuel saving, emissions reduction is well assured. It should be noted, however, that in regions with high carbon intensity in the power generation mix, carbon emissions per mileage of EVs is almost equivalent to that of efficient gasoline vehicles such as hybrid vehicles, and the figure for PHEV is slightly higher than for hybrid vehicles. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(4): 20–36, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.22373     

采用统计分析 改进工艺 提高产品质量

针对堵头生产中良品率较低的现象,作者运用数理统计的方法,找出了堵头良品率较低的原因,提出了将堵头毛坯由精密铸造改为冲压加工,不仅提高了生产效率,还降低了生产成本,零件的良品率由精密铸造毛坯的不足60%提高到98%以上。     

Solution Method for Countercurrent Plug Flow Models of Multicomponent Gas Separation by Permeation

Abstract

A simple solution method was developed for the countercurrent ideal plug flow model of multicomponent gas separation by permeation that is commonly applied to hollow fiber membrane modules. The solution method is independent of the number of components in the feed gas. The result is an implicit function in a single variable defined as the stage cut. The function is readily solved by the method of damped successive substitution. The method was tested for three cases from the literature and found to be insensitive to the initial guess for stage cuts less than 60%.     

Processing of nanolitre liquid plugs for microfluidic cell-based assays

Plugs, i.e. droplets formed in a microchannel, may revolutionize microfluidic cell-based assays. This study describes a microdevice that handles nanolitre-scale liquid plugs for the preparation of various culture setups and subsequent cellular assays. An important feature of this mode of liquid operation is that the recirculation flow generated inside the plug promotes the rapid mixing of different solutions after plugs are merged, and it keeps cell suspensions homogeneous. Thus, serial dilutions of reagents and cell suspensions with different cell densities and cell types were rapidly performed using nanolitres of solution. Cells seeded through the plug processing grew well in the microdevice, and subsequent plug processing was used to detect the glucose consumption of cells and cellular responses to anticancer agents. The plug-based microdevice may provide a useful platform for cell-based assay systems in various fields, including fundamental cell biology and drug screening applications.     

A comprehensive review on theoretical framework‐based electric vehicle consumer adoption research

Green vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs), are getting noteworthy popularity among consumers worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to establish EVs as a feasible long‐term solution for the future of technology in the vehicle industry, which can decrease the current dependency on fossil fuels and also decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As a part of long‐term benefits, the adoption of EVs gives environmentally friendly innovation to society. Despite positive environmental implications, the total number of EVs in usage is still inadequate. One of the major causes of this insubstantial adoption of EVs is largely dependent on the perceptions of consumers regarding EVs. However, this particular research study offers an inclusive outline on the existing hurdles for consumer adoption of EVs as well as a framework of the theoretical standpoints that were developed for the adoption behaviour, in addition to considering consumer intentions in the direction of EVs. In this particular study, the researcher found that the literature regarding EV adoption tried to address only the diffusion method of EVs. Whereas this study highlights consumer innovations, which provides a wide insight on consumer emotions to overlook the major aspect in consumer EVs' adoption research. The theme of this particular literature can be implemented in order to better understand the consumers' emotions and behaviour towards the adoption of EVs. The scholars further stated that there is a possible cause for more recent developments within the technological adoption part that can assist to be a standard for upcoming developments. For the last few years, knowledge regarding the problems surrounding the adoption and diffusion of EVs has gained less attention. This study expands this line of research by focusing on making a chance for developing the theoretical frameworks in terms of adding emotions in a psychological perspective where consumer behaviour and ethics are considered. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Characterization and selection of suitable grades of lactose as functional fillers for capsule filling: part 1

The purpose of this work is to characterize thermal, physical and mechanical properties of different grades of lactose and better understand the relationships between these properties and capsule filling performance. Eight grades of commercially available lactose were evaluated: Pharmatose 110?M, 125?M, 150?M, 200?M, 350?M (α-lactose monohydrate), AL (anhydrous lactose containing ～80% β-AL), DCL11 (spray dried α-lactose monohydrate containing ～15% amorphous lactose) and DCL15 (granulated α-lactose monohydrate containing ～12% β-AL). In this study, different lactose grades were characterized by thermal, solid state, physical and mechanical properties and later evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) to assess the inter-relationships among some of these properties. The lactose grades were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), moisture sorption/desorption isotherms, particle size distribution; the flow was characterized by Carr Index (CI), critical orifice diameter (COD) and angle of friction. Plug mechanical strength was estimated from its diametric crushing strength. The first and second principal components (PC) captured 47.6% and 27.4% of variation in the physical and mechanical property data, respectively. The PCA plot grouped together 110?M, AL, DCL11 and DCL15 on the one side of plot which possessed superior properties for capsule formulation and these grades were selected for future formulation development studies (part II of this work).     

DP6水平井φ311.15mm井眼侧钻技术探

DP6井是华北分公司在大牛地气田布置的一口长水平段水平井。该井设计造斜点井深2510.00 m,在φ311.15 mm井眼内以平均4.85°/30 m的增斜率增斜钻进至A靶点,增斜钻进至井深3033.05 m时钻穿目的层至下部煤层。为了实现钻井目标,避免煤层坍塌的风险,决定采取上调靶点垂深、填井侧钻的补救处理措施。文章结合老井眼实钻轨迹情况,对侧钻工艺、侧钻点的选择、侧钻井眼轨迹调整、高井斜侧钻技术难点及采取的相应技术措施等进行了分析,对侧钻钻具组合、侧钻施工情况等进行了介绍。该井的成功侧钻为以后同类大井眼侧钻提供了现场经验。     

降水井封堵施工技术

针对基坑降水施工难点,通过工程实例,阐述了降水井封堵时间、顺序、方法的确定原则,并强调了降水井封堵过程中的施工要点及应注意的安全事项,对于今后同类降水井工程具有指导作用。     

可钻桥塞套铣捞筒的研制与应用

为了解决可钻桥塞完成后期处理后井下不留落物的问题,研制了一种可钻桥塞套铣捞筒。该捞筒主要由套铣筒、捕捞爪和压簧蓄能装置组成,能够在套铣可钻桥塞之前首先抓住桥塞心轴外露部分,在处理掉自锁装置和上卡瓦后使可钻桥塞其余部分松动解卡与可钻桥塞套铣捞筒一体随管柱起出。现场应用22口井,施工成功率100%,该套铣捞筒在完成可钻桥塞后期处理后井下不留落物,为将来油层的重新认识和二次开发打下良好基础。